A fax, short for facsimile, is a method of sending and receiving documents over a telephone line or through digital means, where an image or text is transmitted from one machine to another. Originally popularised in the 1980s and 1990s, fax machines allowed businesses to send hard copies of documents quickly, even across long distances, by scanning the document, encoding it into a signal, and then reconstructing the document on the receiving end.

How Fax Works:

Scanning: A fax machine scans a document line-by-line, converting the text or image into a digital signal.
Transmission: This signal is sent through the telephone network (or the internet using an efax service).
Reception: The fax machine on the other end decodes the signal and prints out a copy of the original document.
Fax technology has evolved with the rise of online fax services, which allow users to send and receive faxes via email or web applications, eliminating the need for traditional fax machines and telephone lines. These digital solutions are now common in businesses that need to maintain security and compliance, especially in industries like healthcare, law, and finance.

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